Method acting is a dynamic and comprehensive approach to acting that enables performers to deliver genuine and emotionally rich performances. It revolves around deeply identifying with a character by fully understanding and embodying their emotional and motivational essence. These techniques are all derived from and augment upon the original system developed by the Russian actor and director Konstantin Stanislavski. His seminal work is encapsulated in three books he authored: "An Actor Prepares," "Building a Character," and "Creating a Role."
The methodology has evolved through the contributions of several key figures who have each refined distinct facets of the approach. Lee Strasberg focused on the psychological elements, Stella Adler concentrated on the sociological factors, and Sanford Meisner emphasized the behavioral components. This trio of teachers profoundly influenced the method while working together at the Group Theatre in New York, and their teachings continued at the Actors Studio.
The list of actors who have employed method acting in their careers reads like a who's who of the acting world, including luminaries such as Marlon Brando, Heath Ledger, Joaquin Phoenix, and many more, all of whom have been celebrated for their immersive and compelling performances.
The history of the Method traces back to the early 20th century, where Stanislavski meticulously developed his acting system. This system was an amalgamation of several approaches: the Meiningen company's director-centered, disciplined ensemble aesthetics; the actor-centered realism of the Maly Theatre; and the naturalistic production methods spearheaded by Antoine and the independent theatre movement. Stanislavski's "system" is praised for nurturing what he termed the "art of experiencing," which he believed was far more effective than the "art of representation," creating a pathway for actors to deliver more truthful performances.
In the realm of acting, there exists a role known as the character actor, a performer who assumes the mantle of unique, captivating, or peculiar individuals, standing in contrast to the more familiar leading actor. This term carries a certain ambiguity, as all actors embody characters, yet it typically refers to those who undertake significant and memorable supporting roles, different from mere cameos or silent on-screen presences.
Occasionally, character actors find themselves diverging from their own personal identities, taking on personae vastly unlike themselves. Alternatively, some carve out a niche by frequently playing minor, yet impactful parts. Remarkably, there are instances where a character actor assumes a front-and-center position in their projects, embodying the main protagonist, a status once achieved by Wallace Beery during the transition from silent to sound films.
Primarily noted in the context of television and movies, the concept of the character actor traces back to an 1883 mention in The Stage publication, highlighting actors who bring to life various idiosyncrasies and peculiar traits. Veteran character actors, with their extensive history of diverse roles, might escape easy recognition by audiences due to their chameleonic nature.
Character actors are often perceived as standing apart from their leading counterparts, who typically possess the physical allure suited for romantic leads. Instead, character actors may be distinguished by their unique features, such as William Schutz from Chicago, whose distinctiveness was amplified following reconstructive surgery after a childhood accident. These actors' names seldom blaze across movie posters or television promos, since their recognition factor is not the primary draw for viewership. Yet despite not being household names, they frequently possess an instant recognizability, etching their portrayals into the fabric of the storytelling medium.
Voice acting is a distinctive form of performance where an individual uses their voice to embody characters or convey information to an audience. Those who practice this art are known by various titles including voice actors, actresses, artists, and voice-over talent. The craft is particularly esteemed as a professional segment of drama in the UK, an acknowledgment largely attributed to the British Broadcasting Corporation's long history with radio dramas.
This vocal artistry is essential in bringing to life unseen characters across a spectrum of media, including movies, animations, anime, TV shows, video games, and cartoons. This field also extends to voice work for documentaries, commercials, audiobooks, radio pieces, theme park entertainment, theatrical presentations, puppetry, and interactive games. Beyond entertainment, voice actors provide the voice for commonplace pre-recorded announcements found in public spaces like retail stores, transportation systems, and waiting areas.
A voice actor must sometimes sing, assuming this role within a fictional narrative; however, if required, a separate vocalist might be brought in for the singing part.
Voice acting spans several categories:
Character voices: Here, actors lend their voices to animated creations and may also be heard as unseen characters within live-action settings, for instance as voices of computer interfaces. They benefit from some flexibility in audio dramas, where precise synchronization with an existing on-screen actor or animation is not a concern. Casting directors and agencies search for a diverse range of vocal styles suited for different contexts—from authoritative to friendly and conversational tones.
Narration: In this vein, voice actors use spoken word to provide a backdrop or commentary within a performance, guiding the audience through the story or content.